What is causing the plague in Thebes and how can it be fixed? Early speculation was that some of the smaller islands south-west of Sumatra, which is on the Burma Plate (the southern regions are on the Sunda Plate), might have moved south-west by up to 36m (120ft), but more accurate data released more than a month after the earthquake found the movement to be about 0.2m (8in). This was similar to eyewitness accounts of the tsunami at Banda Aceh. Other footage showed the tsunami dramatically crashed into the Vivekananda Rock Memorial. I told my wife that it must be from the car outside. According to eyewitness accounts, the tsunami came from the north and south. I continued to sit there waiting to get an emergency call. Peninsular Malaysia was shielded by the full force of the tsunami due to the protection offered by the island of Sumatra, which lies just off the western coast. Not every earthquake produces large tsunamis: on 28 March 2005, a magnitude 8.7 earthquake hit roughly the same area of the Indian Ocean but did not result in a major tsunami. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Survivors walk through the debris on Phuket's Patong beach the day after the tsunami, Captain Sathaporn Sawangpuk's ship rode the tsunami wave, Emergency worker Wittaya Tantawanich: "I closed my eyes, prayed, and prepared to die", Somchai and Primpraow Jitpentom, who treated the injured while on holiday, Samran Chanyang was called to duty while knowing his son was missing, Dr Weerawit Sarideepan: "There were thousands of dead bodies waiting to be identified", Hundreds of coffins lie inside Yan Yao temple in December 2004, Russian minister laughed at for Ukraine war claims. The surface waves can be clearly seen to reinforce near the antipode (with the closest seismic stations in Ecuador), and to subsequently encircle the planet to return to the epicentral region after about 200 minutes. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. Germany was close behind with 539 identified victims. It is thought that approximately 10,000 British nationals were in the affected region when the tsunami struck. In comparison to the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake, the death toll from these earthquakes and tsunamis was significantly lower, primarily because of the lower population density along the coasts near affected areas.[10]. 5 Reasons to Update Your Business Operations, Get the Best Sleep Ever in 5 Simple Steps, How to Pack for Your Next Trip Somewhere Cold, Manage Your Money More Efficiently in 5 Steps, Ranking the 5 Most Spectacular NFL Stadiums in 2023. 12/22/14 AT 2:45 PM GMT. The sudden vertical rise of the seabed by several metres during the earthquake displaced massive volumes of water, resulting in a tsunami that struck the coasts of the Indian Ocean. How many people died in the Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004? Khao Lak was the coastal area of Thailand hardest hit by the tsunami resulting from the 26 December 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake. I saw the Mahidol ship was on its way out from the bay, so we stopped them and asked for help. Suddenly I heard a lot of cars go by on the main street. We decided to help only the injured survivors and we finally rescued at least 414 tourists and locals, and transferred them to a more equipped hospital on Phuket. This was succeeded by the appearance of two large black-coloured steep waves which then travelled inland into the capital city as a large turbulent bore. On 9 February 2005, President Bush asked Congress to increase the U.S. commitment to a total of US$950 million. Significant earthquakes around the Pacific rim have generated tsunamis that struck Hawaii, Alaska, and the U.S. west coast. My son's three friends told me he was missing. I was shocked and worried since my son had gone to work in Khao Lak [on the mainland coast north of Phuket]. I hopped back in my truck and drove up the hill. The quiet resort town of Khao Lak is located on a stretch of golden sandy beach, famed for its hotels overlooking the Andaman Sea and hilly rainforests. Many tourists and locals can be seen trying to gather fish. (2007). Eyewitnesses compared the tsunami with the "rainy-season high tide"; although at most locations, the tsunami height was similar or smaller than the "rainy-season high tide" level. It was the result of an earthquake off the coast of Sumatra that took around 230,000 lives across fourteen countries. The ground level was about 2 m above sea level, where there were many cottages and hotels. Jpan survived the earthquake pretty well only they weren't ready for the massive 9.0 tsnami that followed At that moment, everything was crazy. All of a sudden, I felt the ship lift and swing to the left and to the right. [57] On Maikhao Beach in north Phuket City, Thailand, a 10-year-old British tourist named Tilly Smith had studied tsunamis in geography at school and recognised the warning signs of the receding ocean and frothing bubbles. He told us to find a big ship and get up there. The most damaging tsunami on record before 2004 was the one that killed an estimated 40,000 people in 1782 following an earthquake in the South China Sea. The greatest tsunami inundation occurred at North Male Atoll, Male island at 250m (820ft) along the streets. Countries/Territory that lost citizens while abroad. [21], Indonesia lies between the Pacific Ring of Fire along the north-eastern islands adjacent to New Guinea, and the Alpide belt that runs along the south and west from Sumatra, Java, Bali, Flores to Timor. At Patong Beach, a popular tourist destination, the tsunami first arrived as a small flood, which swept away cars and surprised people. Other videos recorded showed that the tsunami appeared like a flood raging inland. How many people died in the Boxing Day tsunami? All I saw were dead bodies floating in the water. About 250 people perished directly in the tsunami. She and her boyfriend were both. At that point, I still had no idea what had happened. But we didn't have a plan for something this big. The Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004 lasted for seven hours and reached out across the Indian Ocean, devastating coastal areas of Indonesia, Sri Lanka, India, Maldives, and Thailand, and as far away as East Africa. [147] The deadliest tsunami before 2004 was Italy's 1908 Messina earthquake on the Mediterranean Sea where the earthquake and tsunami killed about 123,000. [125] The second and third destructive waves arrived later, which exceeded the height of the coconut trees. The country has a total of 77 tsunamis on record. She and her parents warned others on the beach, which was evacuated safely. At Phuket Province, the island province's western beaches were struck by the tsunami. The first wave came rapidly landward from the south-west as a turbulent bore about 0.52.5m (1.68.2ft) high. In some cases, there are no warning signs at all: the sea will suddenly swell without retreating, surprising many people and giving them little time to flee. Footage captured at Koh Lanta showed a wall of water swamping the beach, while another video taken at another location showed a large surfing wave like tsunami approaching the shore, lifting up a yacht and flooding the beach. Another amateur video, captured by a German family at beach level, showed the tsunami appearing as a white horizontal line in the distant horizon, gradually becoming bigger (bore-like), engulfing a jet skier and lifting two police boats. The oldest lvarez-Beln son studied medicine at University College in London and went on to become a doctor. At the same time, it arrived in the state of Kerala, on the southwestern coast. The tsunami heights recorded:[76][77]. ", "Poster of the Northern Sumatra Earthquake of 28 March 2005 Magnitude 8.7", "Magnitude 9.1 Sumatra-Andaman Islands Earthquake FAQ", "Thousands flee as Indonesian volcano spews into life", "Volcano erupts on same Indonesian island as earlier quake", "NASA Details Earthquake Effects on the Earth", "Italian scientists say Asian quakes cause Earth's axis shifted", "Asian tsunami seabed pictured with sonar", "NASA/French Satellite Data Reveal New Details of Tsunami", "TOPEX/Poseidon Satellite Data on 26 December 2004 tsunami in the Indian Ocean", "NOAA Scientists able to Measure Tsunami Height from Space", National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, "Radar satellites capture tsunami wave height", "Tsunami: The impact will last for decades", "Time travel map: Active Fault Research Center: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Japan", "Indian Ocean Tsunami" at Syowa Station, Antarctica", "Indian Ocean Tsunami of 26 December 2004", "Tsunami Waves Channeled Around the Globe in 2004 Disaster", "Sri Lankans Seek Lost Relatives After Tsunami", Tsunami disaster: Focus: Nature's timebomb, "Girl, 10, used geography lesson to save lives", "Field Survey northern Sumatra and Banda Aceh, Indonesia and after the Tsunami and Earthquake of 26 December 2004", "Chapter 2 Earthquake, Tsunami and Damage in Banda Aceh and Northern Sumatra", "Northern Sumatra Field Survey after the December 2004 Great Sumatra Earthquake and Indian Ocean Tsunami", "Seconds From Disaster S03E13 Asian Tsunami", "Great Tsunami 12-26-04 at Banda Aceh, Sumatra, Indonesia 3 of 3", "Report on December 26, 2004, Indian Ocean Tsunami, Field Survey on Jan 2131 at North of Sumatra", "Tsunami Wave Run-ups: Indian Ocean 2004", "Survey of the December 26th 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami in Sri Lanka", "Observations by the International Tsunami Survey Team in Sri Lanka", "Chapter 4: Field Survey and Numerical Simulation on the 2004 Off-Sumatra Earthquake and Tsunami in Thailand", "The 2004 Indian tsunami in Thailand: Surveyed runup heights and tide gauge records", "Zoltn Grossman Member of the Faculty in Geography & Native Studies", "Effects of the December 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami on the Indian Mainland", "Damage to Andaman & Nicobar Islands due to Earthquake and Tsunami of Dec. 26, 2004", "Quick Report on the Study of the 2004 Sumatra Earthquake and Tsunami Effects", "The Great Sumatra Earthquake and Indian Ocean Tsunami of December 26, 2004: The Effects in Mainland India and in the Andaman-Nicobar Islands", "Inundation of sea water in Andaman and Nicobar Islands and parts of Tamil Nadu coast during 2004 Sumatra tsunami", "Tsunami heights and damage along the Myanmar coast from the December 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake", "Somalia Field Survey after the December 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami", "International Tsunami Information Center - International Tsunami Information Center", "Field Surveys of 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami From Sumatra to East Africa", "Myanmar is withholding true casualties figures, says Thai priest", "Hundreds of thousands of people killed as tsunamis devastate large swathes of South and Southeast Asia, coming as far as South Africa | South African History Online", "A2/2004Y Aasian luonnonkatastrofi 26.12.2004", "One year after the tsunami, Sri Lankan survivors still live in squalour", "India, Indonesia, Maldives, Myanmar, Somalia, Thailand: Earthquake and Tsunami OCHA Situation Report No. However, between 2013 and 2014, piracy incidents rose dramatically by 73.2% to exceed pre-tsunami levels. Answer: I resided in Banda Aceh when tsunami occured back in 2004. my home located around 4.5 km from the sea, which is ulee lheue beach. We had a plan to handle a disaster of a massive scale. T. Ghosh, P. Jana, T.S. Video, Russian minister laughed at for Ukraine war claims, US-made cheese can be called 'gruyere' - court, AOC under investigation for Met Gala dress, The children left behind in Cuba's exodus, Saving Private Ryan actor Tom Sizemore dies at 61, Alex Murdaugh's legal troubles are far from over, Sonic boom heard as RAF Typhoon jets escort plane, Walkie Talkie architect Rafael Violy dies aged 78, Nelson's 97th-minute stunner gives Arsenal victory. [35] This energy is equivalent to over 1,500 times that of the Hiroshima atomic bomb, but less than that of Tsar Bomba, the largest nuclear weapon ever detonated. 26. Results of the tsunami survey in South Andaman along Chiriyatapu, Corbyn's Cove and Wandoor beaches:[citation needed], Meanwhile, in the Little Andaman, tsunami waves impinged on the eastern shore about 25 to 30 minutes after the earthquake in a four-wave cycle of which the fourth tsunami was the most devastating with a wave height of about 10m (33ft). A series of huge waves triggered by an earthquake killed more than 230,000 people in 14 countries. I told him it was really worth it. Can Nigeria's election result be overturned? He was a painter and it was meant to be the last working day for him before a long break. The hospital director asked me to go to help implant microchips into the dead bodies as requested by the forensic police. I told my team: 'What a perfect day to be in the sea. Rosie was saved by a stranger. [79][81][85] The tsunami varied in height from 2m (6.6ft) to 10m (33ft) based on survivors' accounts. Based on scientific surveys from Ayeyarwaddy Delta through Taninthayi Division, it was revealed that tsunami heights along the Myanmar coast were between 0.42.9m (1ft 4in 9ft 6in). She and her boyfriend were both. It took me half a day to find him. [93], Interviews with local people indicate that they did not feel the earthquake in Taninthayi Division or Ayeyarwaddy Delta. I said the prayer into the microphone, so everyone could hear it. Other aftershocks of up to magnitude 6.6 continued to shake the region daily for three or four months. [66], A group of small islands: Weh, Breueh, Nasi, Teunom, Bunta, Lumpat, and Batee lie just north of the capital city. Review how underwater earthquakes, volcanoes, or landslides can generate tsunamis, This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/event/Indian-Ocean-tsunami-of-2004, National Center for Biotechnology Information - PubMed Central - Impact of 2004 Tsunami in the Islands of Indian Ocean: Lessons Learned, Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004 - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). Approximately 90,000 buildings and many wooden houses were destroyed.[73]. It was the day after the hospital staff party - it was my day off and I had a long lie-in. [129] UNEP established an emergency fund, set up a Task Force to respond to requests for assistance from countries affected by the tsunami, and was able to mobilize and distribute approximately US$9.3 million for environmental recovery and disaster risk reduction between 2004 and 2007. Despite its proximity to the incident, Malaysia escaped the kind of damage that struck countries thousands of miles further away (most of its western coast is shielded by Sumatra). ". Distance alone was no guarantee of safety, as Somalia was hit harder than Bangladesh despite being much farther away. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. The hardest-hit was a 650km (400mi) stretch of the Somalia coastline between Garacad (Mudug region) and Xaafuun (Bari region), which forms part of the Puntland province. [72] In Sri Lanka, the civilian casualties were second only to those in Indonesia, with approximately 35,000 killed. After a pause of about another 100 seconds, the rupture continued northwards towards the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Oxfam went on to report that as many as four times more women than men were killed in some regions because they were waiting on the beach for the fishers to return and looking after their children in the houses. The magnitude 8.7 2005 NiasSimeulue earthquake, which originated off the coast of the Sumatran island of Nias, is not considered an aftershock, despite its proximity to the epicentre, and was most likely triggered by stress changes associated with the 2004 event. Despite a delay of up to several hours between the earthquake and the impact of the tsunami, nearly all of the victims were taken by surprise. The impact of the waves was so severe that four oil tankers were thrown almost 800m (2,600ft) from the seashore near Malacca to the Air force colony main gate. The survey, conducted using a high-resolution, multi-beam sonar system, revealed that the earthquake had made a considerable impact on the topography of the seabed. We had no idea what happened, but my instinct told me to start the ship and head out to the middle of the sea. The province of Phang Nga was the most affected area in Thailand. Seismographic and acoustic data indicate that the first phase involved a rupture about 400km (250mi) long and 100km (60mi) wide, 30km (19mi) beneath the sea bedthe largest rupture ever known to have been caused by an earthquake. The deadliest tsunami in history occurred in the Indian Ocean in 2004. By the middle of the second day, I saw a mountain of dead bodies piling up and it was very sad to see. [103], Relief agencies reported that one third of the dead appeared to be children. The measured tsunami height on this beach was 5.8m (19ft). There were no tsunami warning systems in the Indian Ocean to detect tsunamis or to warn the general population living around the ocean. Compiling new navigational charts may take months or years. There were no tsunami warning systems in the Indian Ocean to detect tsunamis or to warn the general population living around the ocean. The tsunami in Khao Lak was bigger due to offshore coral reefs and shallow seafloor which caused the tsunami to pile-up. Updates? The first wave came 5 minutes after the earthquake, preceded by a recession of the sea up to 600700m (2,0002,300ft). Then I went back home, right behind the temple. Earthquake and subsequent tsunami in the Indian Ocean, Campbell, Matthew; Loveard, Keith; et al. The southwestern shores are a hotspot for tourists and fishing. It was 3:00 p.m. on Christmas day, 2004 when Stuart Weinstein's pager buzzed in the operations room at the Pacific Tsunami . We had no place for them so they were wrapped in plastic and white sheets before laying on the ground all over the temple. How many people died in the Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004? [17] Although the Pacific Tsunami Warning Center has accepted these new numbers, the United States Geological Survey has, as of 2022, so far not changed its estimate of 9.1. As we tried to help more people in the supermarket, I heard from outside that another wave was coming. In their report, the Tsunami Evaluation Coalition stated, "It should be remembered that all such data are subject to error, as data on missing persons especially are not always as good as one might wish". [65], Lhoknga is a small coastal community about 13km (8.1mi) south-west of Banda Aceh, located on a flat coastal plain in between two rainforest-covered hills, overlooking a large bay and famous for its large swathe of white sandy beach and surfing activities. On the east coast of Phuket Island, the tsunami height was about 2 m. In one river mouth, many boats were damaged. Tens of thousands were reported dead or missing in Sri Lanka and India, a large number of them from the Indian Andaman and Nicobar Islands territory. I went out with my other sons and friends to look for my eldest son. How tall were the waves in the 2004 tsunami? The maximum runup height of almost 9m (30ft) was recorded in Bandarbeyla. . [7] 3 Wendall A. Phillips. Measurements from these satellites may prove invaluable for the understanding of the earthquake and tsunami. 1,500-metre-high (5,000ft) thrust ridges created by previous geologic activity along the fault had collapsed, generating landslides several kilometres wide. How many people are still missing from tsunami 2004? According to interviews, the second wave was the largest. She and her boyfriend were both injured but survived. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". [20] Splay faults, or secondary "pop up faults", caused long, narrow parts of the seafloor to pop up in seconds. Some locations reported that the waves had reached a height of 30 feet (9 metres) or more when they hit the shoreline. Tsunamis race across the deep ocean at jet . Click to see full answer. She and her boyfriend were both injured but survived. Local eyewitnesses described three large waves, with the first wave rising gently to the foundation of the buildings, followed minutes later by a sudden withdrawal of the sea near the port of Ulee Lheue. [143][144] In 2008, a team of scientists working on Phra Thong, a barrier island along the hard-hit west coast of Thailand, reported evidence of at least three previous major tsunamis in the preceding 2,800 years, the most recent from about 700 years ago. The slip did not happen instantaneously but took place in two phases over several minutes: 10 Historically Most Devastating and Deadliest Tsunamis Some of them were still alive but many of them were dead. By February 2005, the earthquake's effects were still detectable as a 20m (0.02mm; 0.0008in) complex harmonic oscillation of the Earth's surface, which gradually diminished and merged with the incessant free oscillation of the Earth more than four months after the earthquake.[37]. The United Nations estimated at the outset that the relief operation would be the costliest in human history.
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