These arent completely true stories, but these things do happen to real people, even today. In doing so, he is able to atone for a past crime: he is Mariano Padron, one of the police officers who kept the passengers of the St. Louis from disembarking in Cuba in 1939, and only after stalling them for days with the false promise of maana. https://www.storyboardthat.com/lesson-plans/refugee-by-alan-gratz, *(This Will Start a 2-Week Free Trial - No Credit Card Needed). Refugee Alan Gratz Study Guide Summary Plot Overview Chapter Summaries Summary Chapter Summaries Josef / Berlin, Germany-1938 Josef Landau is a twelve-year-old boy living in Nazi Germany. At another level, however, water represents change, which many of the main characters have to undergo either to survive or to redeem themselves. Instant downloads of all 1699 LitChart PDFs publication in traditional print. It gives the reader an unflinching look at the humanity, courage, and struggle of refugees seeking safety and freedom. Josefs father gets sent to a concentration camp. Thus, Gratz presents the stark reality of the perils of such a passage. publication online or last modification online. Summary & Analysis Josef: Berlin, Germany - 1938; Isabel: Outside Havana, Cuba - 1994 (1) Mahmoud: Aleppo, Syria - 2015 (1) . Refugee is a heart-pounding adventure as well as an important book that shines a light on a too often invisible and politicized problem. On the sea, Mahmoud is marooned in the freezing Mediterranean, which ultimately capsizes his ramshackle raft. Find related themes, quotes, symbols, characters, and more. Once he is released, the family flees to Cuba. After Mahmouds home is destroyed, his brother Waleed, sister Hana, and his parents drive to the border of Turkey, hoping to escape. Josefs story starts with Kristallnacht, the Night of Broken Glass in 1938. He also draws a clear line between this view of the children, and their justification of the violence that they deem acceptable against Jewish people. Gratzs stirring novel humanizes the plight of refugees worldwide. Storyboarding is an incredibly powerful tool for educators because it helps students process and understand the information in a deep, meaningful way. In the back of the book, the author Alan Gratz offers ways that people can help refugees like Josef, Isabel, Mahmoud, and their families. Josef recites the blessing and after the ceremony everyone congratulates him. You can view our. Like everyone else during the Holocaust, he was scarred, both emotionally and physically. Subscribe now. Thank you! St. Louis, a ship taking Jewish refugees to Havana, Cuba. According to Gratz, Syrian President Bashar al-Assad continues to wage war on his own people. Josef and his family flee Nazi Germany in 1938; Isabel and her family flee Cuba in 1994; and Mahmoud and his family flee Syria in 2015. Fast paced, insightful, filled with drama and tension. If Cuba does not let the refugees in, it signifies a return to a society that is more than willing to be unjust and cruel toward them. Josefs father gets sent to a concentration camp. Log in here. Students will see themselves in the young protagonists: children faced with tragic circumstances but who, at their heart, are just kids who love their families and want to live in peace. The places where they live are in a horrifying state of turmoil. Aarons real crime, of course, is that he is a Jew, the minority group that Nazi Party leader Adolf Hitler wants to eradicate. eNotes.com, Inc. Refugee is a historical fiction novel written in 2017 that weaves together three compelling stories of families seeking sanctuary in other countries. Refugee: Josef: Havana Harbor - 1939, 19 days (2) Summary & Analysis Next. Yet instead of succumbing to the despair of these events, Josef and the rest of his family resolve to try to find a better life in a new country. Fidel Castro has taken over the country of Cuba and the citizens are sick of his dictatorship. Because of this, they all want to escape to a safer place. Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 6 days, Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 8 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 10 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 11 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (3), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 14 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (4), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 17 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 2 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (1), Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (2), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 4 days, Mahmoud: Lesbos to Athens 2015, 12 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Mahmoud: Macedonia to Serbia 2015, 14-15 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Serbia to Hungary 2015, 15-16 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (3), Josef: Vornay, France 1940, 1 year, 1 month, 10 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (4), Mahmoud: Hungary to Germany 2015, 17 days. Creating notes and highlights requires a free LitCharts account. The St. Louis could not save Josef, just as the Castillos boat could not save Ivn. Josef's family is finally reunited months later in 1939, and they attempt to escape Nazi Germany aboard the M.S. Refugee is a powerful novel about three very different children. What are some ways that the characters were helped by the kindness and compassion of others? Christina Diaz Gonzalez, author of The Red Umbrella and A Thunderous Whisper. Storyboard That is the perfect tool for novel lesson plans and activities because it's so easy to use and extremely versatile. Mahmoud and his family travel through Serbia and into Hungary, where they are detained at a refugee camp that is built like a prison. Mahmouds story starts with their apartment building collapsing, due to people rioting because of the civil war going on in Syria. Renews March 11, 2023 My students love how organized the handouts are and enjoy tracking the themes as a class., Requesting a new guide requires a free LitCharts account. (including. If there are three dates, the first date is the date of the original Just when Miami becomes visible on the horizon, a U.S. Coast Guard boat tries to intercept the two families. Chapter 1 Summary: "Josef: Berlin, Germany1938". Summary Plot Overview Refugee follows the stories of three different children and their families, each attempting to flee their violent homelands, in different regions of the world and during different decades. You'll be able to access your notes and highlights, make requests, and get updates on new titles. As Gratz observes in his author's note to the novel, the MS St. Louis was a real ship carrying . In Isabels journey, Ivn is claimed by sharks, which symbolize the life-taking maw of the ocean. eNotes.com will help you with any book or any question. They have come to arrest Josef's father: "Other Jewish homes and businesses and synagogues were destroyed all over Germany, and tens of . This is an engaging tale. eNotes Editorial. After a riot in Havana, Isabels family decides that they should also leave Cuba immediately. 2023 eNotes.com, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Trauma and. Word Count: 1050. A passing, overcrowded boat cannot accommodate all of them, but at Mahmouds insistence, a woman onboard agrees to take Hana. His family decides to leave and trek to Germany. Josefs fathers jump into the sea symbolizes his desire to annihilate himself. Isabel's story is set in Cuba in 1994 during a time of great economic crisis and upheaval. Refugee is both thrilling and heartrending. In one, Josef and his Jewish family flee Nazi Berlin in 1938. Aarons purported crime is that he is still practicing law when the Nazis have expressly forbidden the Jewish community from that profession. This Study Guide consists of approximately 70pages of chapter summaries, quotes, character analysis, themes, and more - Refugee is a powerful novel about three very different children. They're like having in-class notes for every discussion!, This is absolutely THE best teacher resource I have ever purchased. After drifting off to the Bahamas, the Fernandez and Castillo families finally steer back on course to reach Florida, but not before Isabels mother delivers her baby brother in the boat. Captain Schroeder demonstrates how to change the ship's speed. Detailed explanations, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts. As a narrative device, this has the effect of accentuating the perils of unusual transcontinental journeys, which the reader is habituated to consider in terms of air travel. Instant PDF downloads. Im a big fan of that, and it was executed brilliantly here. As the starving populace rioted against dictator Fidel Castros police, Castro allowed Cubans to flee to the United States, thus ending the riots in effect. PDFs of modern translations of every Shakespeare play and poem. One example is when Josefs family falls apart and he has to be the leader by talking to other people and acting as the main adult of his family. This compelling novel will help young people make sense of todays refugee crisis. LitCharts Teacher Editions. The two families face much peril in the Florida straits: giant tankers, a hurricane that blows them off course, running out of fuel and water, deadly sharks, and Mami's going into labor all while trying to avoid the U.S. Coast guard so that they can make it to shore where they can claim asylum. Also, there are parallels between the three stories, and at the end, all of the three stories are connected. Refugee: Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean - 1939, 10 days Summary & Analysis Next Isabel: Straits of Florida - 1994, 1 day (2) Themes and Colors Key Summary Analysis Josef and some of the other children on the St. Louis take a tour of the ship 's bridge and engine room. date the date you are citing the material. date the date you are citing the material. On the ship, Ruth, born in Nazi Germany, has the freedom to play openly for the first time in her life. The stories are set in different times and places and are told from the perspective of the refugee children. Detailed explanations, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts. Like Josef, Isabel too has to grow up overnight in the face of uncertainty and assume the mantle of the adult of the family. The author can choose to leave the storyboard public or mark it as Unlisted. While they travel, they ask if anyone has seen Hana. The two families face many challenges as they try to cross the Caribbean Sea to Florida. The novels subtler point is that this extraordinariness itself is terrible. What can you learn about the people and the time period from these allusions? The places where they live are in a horrifying state of turmoil. They take a train to board the St. Louis, where it feels like paradise compared to the treatment they received the last couple of years. This is a fascinating tale. 2023 eNotes.com, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Josef understands himself to be German, and yet the Nazis are trying to take away this aspect of German Jewish peoples identity. Because of this, they all want to escape to a safer place. Note: When citing an online source, it is important to include all necessary dates. This summary should be accessible to high beginning or low intermediate ENL students. Contact us This section starts with Josefs perspective, somewhere on the Atlantic in 1939, 8 days from home (74). A storm sweeps them to the Bahamas, where they are not allowed to disembark; Ivn is attacked by sharks and eventually bleeds to death in the boat; and toward the end of the journey, Isabels pregnant mother goes into labor. His family decides to leave and trek to Germany. Josef Landauis fleeing Nazi Germany in 1939. Josef Landau is a twelve-year-old boy living in Berlin. Full of struggle, heroism, and non-stop adventure, Refugee is not only an important book, its a terrific story. The Nazis labelling Aarons practice as a crime against the German people inherently detaches them from their own German culture. When the family is eventually caught, Josefs mother is forced to choose which of her children will be freed and which will be sent to a concentration camp. date the date you are citing the material. Already a member? Summary Themes Questions & Answers Characters Analysis Refugee Themes T he main themes in Refugee are trauma and growing up, the dehumanization of refugees, and empathy and hope. The rumor proves all too true, however, when the ship is marooned at the Cuban harbor for days, with officials telling the passengers day after day they will be allowed to disembark maanaSpanish for tomorrow. Aaron, who suffers a mental breakdown and jumps ship, is rescued by a Cuban police officer called Mariano Padron and allowed into Cuba, but Josef, Rachel, and Ruthand the rest of the passengers of the St. Louisare turned back. Josef Landau, from the book Refugee, is a 13 year old boy born into the life of World War 2. No one else can view anything. Gratz illustrates more dehumanization from the Nazis, exemplified in Schiendicks equation of the children with rats. After the police see Isabels father participate in a riot, there is no option but for the Fernandez family to leave Cuba by boat. 2023 . The night that they were captured in France, Josef volunteered to be taken by the Nazis; both Josef and their mother were killed in concentration camps. Lito, Isabels grandfather, also joins them. Heartrendingly, Josef notes that he and Ruthie never want to leave the St. Louis, the first place they have been treated as human beings in a long while. A large part of the novels narrative focuses on boats, which represent tenuous hope. This is a must read for anyone, especially people who like history. It only gets worse for them, but in the end, he learns a powerful life lesson: Its better to be visible than invisible, because even though the bad people can harm you, the good people can help you. It carried 937 Jewish refugees who were seeking freedom from Nazi persecution in Germany. The family face incredible hardship and tragedy throughout their long journey through Turkey, Greece, Macedonia, Serbia, and Hungary on their way to Germany. This heart-stopping novel is not only compelling it is necessary. Josef and his family flee Nazi Germany in 1938; Isabel and her family flee Cuba in 1994; and Mahmoud and his family flee Syria in 2015. Isabel's story is like that of thousands of other Cuban immigrants who all fled Castro's Cuba. Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. You'll also get updates on new titles we publish and the ability to save highlights and notes. Isabel Fernandezis escaping Castro's Cuba in 1994. SparkNotes Plus subscription is $4.99/month or $24.99/year as selected above. It is called the most deadly conflict of the 21st century thus far, with 250,000 casualties and millions Syrians who have been forced to flee the devastation. On their way to Switzerland, the Landaus unfortunately run into German soldiers. It is shabbos and time for Josefs Bar Mitzvah, the Jewish religious ceremony when a Jewish boy turns 13 years old. After . In Cuba in 1994, eleven-year-old Isabel Fernandez lives a life of poverty and uncertainty in the middle of civil strife. Ed. $24.99 Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. 20% Meeting Aaron at Hamburg, Josef is shocked to see his once-confident father visibly anxious and harrowed. Use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. However, beneath the surface, the ride isnt as perfect as it looks, and Josef has to take the initiative several times. For one, fiction enables the reader to inhabit history in a way that textbooks and newsprint cannot accommodate. However, one day Castro announces that he wont enforce staying in the country anymore, and Isabels family is ready to leave in a small boat their friends made. Lito is rescued and deported to Cuba. This is a powerful and inspirational book written by Alan Gratz, a great author. Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 10 days. How does each of the characters experience the feeling of fear inRefugeeby Alan Gratz? In Josefs story, the very calm of the Atlantic Ocean is menacing, hiding a darker future. Before long, the raft capsizes, and the family stays alive by floating in the frigid water, their counterfeit life jackets refusing to work. The second date is today's Seor Castillo, who is passive for much of the action, pulls Isabel into the water at the end of the novel to ensure that she reaches the American coast. $18.74/subscription + tax, Save 25% Mahmoud should not have to decide to give away his little sister to save her life, Josef should not have to slap his father to subdue him, and Isabel should not have to scramble to arrange gasoline for a boat to take her family away to possible safety. Josef's story is set in Nazi Germany in 1939. The boat the Castillos have cobbled together becomes the center of Isabels existence. He watches his friends' father, whom had already sought asylum in Cuba, come to pick up his daughters on the boat. This is an easy summary of the book Refugee by Alan Gratz. Sometimes it can end up there. All will face unimaginable dangersfrom drownings to bombings to betrayals. Order our Refugee (Alan Gratz) Study Guide, teaching or studying Refugee (Alan Gratz). Josefs father is taken to Havana to recover. The St. Louis was an actual ship that sailed from Hamburg to Cuba in May, 1939 under the command of Captain Gustav Schrder. Refugee Characters. In 1938, his home is raided by Nazi storm troopers, and his father is taken to the Dachau concentration camp. The Nazis invade France in 1940, forcing the Landaus to go on the run once again. This is a fascinating tale. Empathy and Social Responsibility. The smugglers raft is destroyed by rocks as they cross the Mediterranean. -Graham S. Would not have made it through AP Literature without the printable PDFs. Refugee Chapters 22-32 Summary & Analysis. For Aaron, it represents a metaphorical death, as he disappears into the water and subsequently out of Josefs life. Officer Padron insists they had the right papers but the crowd gets mad insisting they also have the right papers. The book revolves around three main characters from three different eras: Nazi Germany, 1990s Cuba, and modern-day Syria. Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 6 days, Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 8 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 10 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 11 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (3), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 14 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (4), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 17 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 2 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (1), Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (2), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 4 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Lesbos to Athens 2015, 12 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Mahmoud: Macedonia to Serbia 2015, 14-15 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Serbia to Hungary 2015, 15-16 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (3), Josef: Vornay, France 1940, 1 year, 1 month, 10 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (4), Mahmoud: Hungary to Germany 2015, 17 days. Chapter 13 Summary: "Josef: Somewhere on the Atlantic Ocean1939" During the Atlantic crossing in 1939, Josef's bar mitzvah ceremony is about to take place. Refine any search. Would not have made it through AP Literature without the printable PDFs. Six months later, his mother receives a telegram that her husband has been released, but the family must leave Germany immediately. Alan Gratz is the bestselling author of a number of novels for young readers. They board the St. Louis, a large German ship, and set out. Mahmoud hands his sister, Hana, to another passing raft of refugees, knowing that his mother cannot hold her and swim. Summary Themes Questions & Answers Characters Analysis Refugee Summary R efugee is a novel by Alan Gratz that examines three interrelated stories of the refugee experience. Isabel wakes up, still in the boat, now 3 days from home. Isabel Fernandez is an eleven-year-old girl who lives just outside Havana in 1994. Refine any search. Complete your free account to request a guide. Storyboards also promote higher-level thinking by encouraging students to synthesize information and think critically about what they have read. Definitions and examples of 136 literary terms and devices. Complete your free account to access notes and highlights, Refugee: Wed love to have you back! The third story belongs to thirteen-year-old Mahmoud Bishara, who lives in war-torn Aleppo, Syria, against the backdrop of a crisis which continues into the present day. When Isabel is asked to play a song at her new school in America, she plays a Cuban salsa version of The Star-Spangled Banner.. Creating notes and highlights requires a free LitCharts account. If there are two dates, the date of publication and appearance Mahmoud's story is set in Syria in 2015 during the Syrian Civil War. -Graham S. Would not have made it through AP Literature without the printable PDFs. If there are two dates, the date of publication and appearance Six months later, Aaron tells his family in a letter that he has been released from the concentration camp Dachau by the Nazis on the condition that the family leave Germany immediately. In their memory, she decided to make Berlin her home. Powerful and compelling. It only gets worse for them, but in the end, he learns a powerful life lesson: Its better to be visible than invisible, because even though the bad people can harm you, the good people can help you. School Library Journal Audiobooks - STARRED REVIEW. The hatred that Josef experiences on the tour only reminds him, and the readers, of the stakes of the trip. The audio version provides an ideal (even mandatory) opportunity for libraries to share these resonating tales with readers reluctant to pick up the page. Mahmoud learns to shed his anonymity and turn more decisive as his raft flounders in the Mediterranean. 4 Mar. However, beneath the surface, the ride isnt as perfect as it looks, and Josef has to take the initiative several times. Kimberly Brubaker Bradley, Newbery Honor winning author of The War That Saved My Life. Our summaries and analyses are written by experts, and your questions are answered by real teachers. An elderly couple, Herr and Frau Rosenberg, welcome them into their home. They're like having in-class notes for every discussion!, This is absolutely THE best teacher resource I have ever purchased. Each child experiences traumatic losses and personal victories as they struggle to escape the political instability of their homelands. What is the setting of "Games at Twilight"? The way the content is organized, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (1), LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in, Injustice and Cruelty vs. The second is the date of Josefs fathers mental state deteriorates further, and he eventually jumps from the ship, trying to kill himself. What is the setting of "Games at Twilight" by Anita Desai? Complete your free account to access notes and highlights, Refugee: Isabels boat, too, tips over, the sea claiming her familys food and water. As Landau's hysteria increases, Josef slaps his father's face. Josef, Isabel, and Mahmouds strands begin to converge. Along with the Castillosincluding Isabels best friend, IvnIsabel; her father, Geraldo; and her pregnant mother, Teresa, leave Havana for Florida. They board the ship St. Louis, based on the actual ship that brought Jewish refugees to Cuba and then to the United States but was denied entry by both.That ship had to return the refugees to Europe, where they were split among four countries, and when those countries . The refugees are welcomed in Austria, and Mahmouds family takes a train to Germany. Josef, his sister Ruth, and his mother all travel to Hamburg to board a ship that will take them to Cuba. After the Soviet Union collapsed, so too did its aid to Cuba, forcing thousands of families like Isabels into utter poverty. date the date you are citing the material. The citation above will include either 2 or 3 dates. Josef is a Jewish boy in 1930s Nazi Germany. Though Josef is devastated, he wonders if this is what becoming a man means - not relying on your father. Teacher Editions with classroom activities for all 1699 titles we cover. That day in 1940 in France, her mother could not make the impossible choice before her. What are some ways we can all help. Detailed explanations, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts. (including. From the creators of SparkNotes, something better. Josef's story is set in Nazi Germany in 1939. Our, "Sooo much more helpful thanSparkNotes. Josef's father is convinced there is a trap, so Josef and his mother go without him. What are the different settings of the novel and how does it affect and shape the characters? publication online or last modification online. A biblical reference to Noahs ark as the sanctuary bridging creatures over troubled waters is implicit in the novels boat imagery. Instant downloads of all 1699 LitChart PDFs PDFs of modern translations of every Shakespeare play and poem. While walking on the boat afterwards, a newly minted man, he overhears the stewards discussing how the ships engines are maxed out - in order to beat the other ships to Cuba. Save over 50% with a SparkNotes PLUS Annual Plan! Josef, his family, and the passengers are now faced with the possibility of being returned to Germany and to their certain death. Water becomes the agent of change in each of these cases, emphasizing the centrality of adapting to survival. Instant PDF downloads. With his homeland torn apart by violence and destruction, he and his family begin a long trek toward Europe. Refugee follows the stories of three different children and their families, each attempting to flee their violent homelands, in different regions of the world and during different decades. LitCharts Teacher Editions. Josef's father, along with thousands of other Jewish men, was arrested and sent to Dachau, a concentration camp.

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